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Newleycombe Lake enclosures, hut circles and tin working

Grid ref: SX 5965 6981

On walking routes: Abbot's Way

Main image: Photo: Nilfanion, Wikimedia Commons

Historic England's scheduling record (list entry 1009093) describes a group of three joined enclosures, ten stone hut circles, a round cairn, a pillow mound, tin workings and a length of leat across a shallow north-facing valley overlooking Newleycombe Lake. The enclosures are bounded by a partly faced rubble wall up to 1.5 metres wide and 0.5 metres high. The southern one is 80 metres north to south by 90 metres east to west inside, and the north-western is sub-triangular, 44 by 37 metres. Later tin streamworking has removed part of the third, so its size can no longer be made out. There are three gaps in the boundaries that may be original entrances, though they could be the result of stone robbing. It lies in the parish of Walkhampton, about 1.4 km north-east of Combeshead Tor.

Three hut circles lie inside the largest enclosure, three more are attached to the inside face of the boundary and one is linked to the same wall. Another hut is linked to the triangular enclosure wall, and two lie just south of the enclosures, not enclosed at all. Nine are circular, 2.5 to 5.2 metres across inside, averaging 3.79 metres, with walls 0.4 to 0.7 metres high. The other is oval, 3.5 metres by 2 metres, and four huts have doorways that can be seen.

A round cairn stands on the crest of the east-facing slope above the large enclosure. It is 7 metres across and up to 1.3 metres high, with a hollow suggesting early digging, and it is not clear whether it is older than, the same age as, or later than the settlement. A pillow mound in the north-east enclosure is 10 metres long, 5.6 metres wide and 1.2 metres high, with a gully leading 3 metres from its lower end. It is not known to belong to a warren and may have been built by the tinners working nearby, to add to their diet. The scheduling also takes in part of a tin working, a gully and pits where tinners opened up the upper part of a lode and mined it to a shallow depth, a type called a lode-back work. A leat cuts through the centre of the large enclosure, 0.8 metres wide, and once carried water to a wheel pit, a reservoir and several opencast tin mines.

Sources: Historic England list entry 1009093, which cites Crossing's Dartmoor Worker (1992 edition), page 61, Newman, 'The Moorland Meavy: A Tinners' Landscape' (Report and Transactions of the Devonshire Association 119, 1987), pages 223 to 235, G. A. M. Gerrard's unpublished PhD thesis, The Early Cornish Tin Industry (1986), Robinson's scheduling report 'Pounds and hut circles at head of Newleycombe Lake' (1983) and fieldwork for the Monuments Protection Programme by S. Gerrard.

  • Period: Bronze Age
  • Status: Scheduled monument (Historic England list entry 1009093)
  • Grid reference: SX 5965 6981 (approximate, from the listing's coordinates)
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“At a hamlet near the parish of South Tawton, a small town on the borders of Dartmoor, there is an interesting story told of a ghost which assumes the form of a remarkably handsome Guernsey Cow, and appears at midnight promenading to and fro”

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Sarah Hewett. From Nummits and Crummits: Devonshire Customs, Characteristics, and Folk-lore (1900).

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